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Severe Pumping Dysfunction

Severe pumping dysfunction occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, often due to significant damage to the heart muscle.

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SEVERE HEART PUMPING DYSFUNCTION/ HEART FAILURE

Heart failure is a disorder in which the heart is unable to keep up the demands of the body, leading to reduced blood flow, backup of blood in the veins and lungs, or other changes that may further weaken or stiffen the heart.
Heart failure does not mean that the heart has stopped. It means the heart cannot keep up the work required to pump adequate blood to all parts of the body.
The function of the heart is to pump blood. The right side of the heart pumps blood from the veins into the lungs, while the left side pumps blood from the lungs through the arteries to the rest of the body.
Blood goes out of the heart when the heart muscle contracts (called systole) and comes into the heart when the heart muscle relaxes (called diastole).
Heart failure develops when the contracting or relaxing action of the heart is inadequate, typically because the heart muscle is weak, stiff, or both. Heart failure may be described as left-sided heart failure or right-sided heart failure.

Types of Heart Failure

  • ✓ Left-sided heart failure: Fluid may back up in the lungs, causing shortness of breath.
  • ✓ Right-sided heart failure: Fluid may back up into the abdomen, legs, and feet, causing swelling.
  • ✓ Systolic heart failure: The left ventricle cannot contract vigorously, indicating a pumping problem.
  • ✓ Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: The left ventricle cannot relax or fill fully, indicating a filling problem.

Types of Heart Failure

Heart failure is classified according to the ejection fraction (EF), which is the percentage of blood pumped out of the heart with each heartbeat. A healthy left ventricle typically ejects about 55–60% of the blood it contains.

Types of Heart Failure
NYHA Classification

New York Heart Association (NYHA) Classification

  • Class I

    No limitation of physical activity. Ordinary daily activities do not cause fatigue, shortness of breath, or palpitations.

  • Class II

    Mild limitation of physical activity. Patients are comfortable at rest, but ordinary physical activity results in symptoms.

  • Class III

    Marked limitation of physical activity. Patients are comfortable only at rest, and less-than-ordinary activities cause symptoms.

  • Class IV

    Severe limitation. Symptoms of heart failure are present even at rest, and any physical activity increases discomfort.

Heart Failure Diagnosis

Drugs for Heart Failure

Medications are an important part of heart failure treatment. They help improve heart function, relieve symptoms, prevent disease progression, and reduce the risk of hospitalization.

  • ACE Inhibitors / ARBs

    Relax blood vessels, lower blood pressure, and reduce the workload on the heart.

  • Beta Blockers

    Slow the heart rate, improve heart function, and decrease the risk of future cardiac events.

  • Diuretics

    Help remove excess fluid from the body, reducing swelling and shortness of breath.

  • Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists (MRAs)

    Reduce fluid retention and improve survival in patients with heart failure.

  • SGLT2 Inhibitors

    Improve heart failure outcomes by reducing hospitalization and cardiovascular death.

  • Digoxin

    May improve symptoms and help control heart rhythm in selected patients.

Drugs for Heart Failure